Creatine can help you maintain muscle, improve strength, and potentially support bone and brain health during menopause. As hormone levels change, your body naturally loses some of its muscle and bone mass, leading to more aches, fatigue, and challenges with daily activities. Researchers and health experts have found that creatine supplementation may help offset these changes, especially when paired with regular strength training.

This supplement is not just for athletes or bodybuilders—women experiencing menopause can benefit from creatine, too. Recent studies suggest that it can make a noticeable difference in your energy levels, lean body mass, and even your mood and memory as you age. Learn how adding creatine to your routine could support your overall health in the years ahead and what you need to know before starting.

Understanding Menopause and Muscle Health

During menopause, shifting hormones affect almost every part of your body, widely impacting muscle mass and bone strength. The stages of perimenopause and post-menopause bring notable changes that directly influence your muscle function and risk for bone-related issues like osteoporosis.

Hormonal Changes and Their Impact

Estrogen and testosterone levels begin to decline as you approach menopause. These hormones play vital roles in maintaining lean muscle and bone density. Reduced estrogen can result in more pronounced menopause symptoms, such as hot flashes, fatigue, and joint pain, which may affect your daily routines and physical activity levels.

A drop in estrogen also slows your body’s ability to repair and build muscle tissue. This hormonal shift often leads to increased fat mass and reduced muscle strength. You may find it harder to maintain your usual exercise performance, and recovery from workouts can take longer during post-menopausal years.

Muscle Mass and Sarcopenia in Menopausal Women

Loss of muscle mass, known as sarcopenia, accelerates as you age, particularly during and after menopause. Lower estrogen and testosterone further compound this process, making it harder to preserve or build muscle. Inactive lifestyles and inadequate protein intake can worsen the decline.

Sarcopenia not only reduces muscle strength but can also detract from your mobility and metabolic health. You may notice less endurance, weaker grip strength, and increased difficulty performing everyday tasks. Resistance training and specific nutrition strategies become even more critical during menopause to help retain and rebuild lean muscle.

Bone Density and Osteoporosis Risk

Menopausal changes put women at a higher risk for decreased bone density and osteoporosis. Estrogen is essential for bone health, aiding in calcium absorption and slowing bone breakdown. When estrogen drops, you can lose bone mass more rapidly, increasing the likelihood of fractures and osteoporosis.

Post-menopausal women and older adults need to be particularly vigilant about bone health. Activities that promote bone loading, like strength training, and nutrients such as calcium and vitamin D, play key roles in protecting bone mass. Exploring interventions shown to support bone strength can make a significant difference in reducing fracture risk and boosting overall bone resilience. 

Creatine Supplementation for Menopausal Women

Creatine is a dietary supplement that plays a critical role in supporting muscle, bone, and cognitive health—areas frequently impacted during menopause. Current research highlights its effects on energy metabolism, mood, and physical function, making it a potential ally for women navigating menopausal changes.

How Creatine Works in the Body

Creatine, most commonly supplemented as creatine monohydrate, is naturally present in your muscles and brain. It supports the formation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the main energy currency in your cells.

During short bursts of physical activity, creatine rapidly recharges ATP to fuel muscle contractions. This function helps maintain performance during resistance training and high-intensity exercise. For women in menopause, this energy support may become more important as metabolism and muscle mass naturally decline.

The typical creatine dosage involves either a loading phase (20 grams per day, split into 4 doses, for 5–7 days) or a maintenance phase (about 3–5 grams per day). A traditional loading protocol can lead to quicker saturation of muscle stores, but a daily maintenance dose is sufficient for most long-term goals.

Benefits of Creatine During Menopause

Menopausal women often experience reduced muscle mass, decreased bone density, and increased muscular fatigue. When paired with resistance training, creatine supplementation has been shown to help increase lean mass, improve muscle strength, and enhance recovery by supporting protein synthesis and ATP production.

Studies show that consistent supplementation can aid in maintaining or even improving bone mineral density, particularly when combined with exercise. This is significant given the elevated risk of osteoporosis after menopause. Creatine may also reduce muscular fatigue and improve overall exercise performance, helping you stay active and independent as you age. For more specifics, see how creatine counters muscle and bone loss in menopausal women.

Cognitive Health and Mood Support

Cognitive decline and mood swings are common concerns during and after menopause. Emerging evidence suggests that creatine not only supports physical performance but may also benefit brain health. By enhancing energy supply in brain cells, creatine potentially combats symptoms like brain fog, memory lapses, and reduced attention.

Several studies indicate improvements in working memory, mental sharpness, and cognitive performance, especially during periods of stress or sleep deprivation. Some research has even shown a positive effect on symptoms of depression and mental fatigue in women experiencing menopause, which may help mitigate challenges related to mental health. 

Safety and Common Myths

Creatine is one of the most studied dietary supplements and is generally considered safe for healthy adults when taken at recommended doses. Concerns about kidney function have not been supported by research in individuals without pre-existing kidney disease. Hydration is important, as increased water retention in muscles can occur, but the risk of dehydration is low with adequate fluid intake.

Common myths include claims of creatine acting as an anabolic steroid, causing hair loss, or leading to dangerous bloating. Creatine is not a steroid but a naturally occurring compound. Any weight gain is typically due to water retention, not fat accumulation. Most users experience minimal side effects, and bloating usually resolves with a lower maintenance dose.

Optimizing Results with Creatine

For women in menopause, creatine supplementation can support muscle recovery, strength gains, and better body composition. Maximizing its benefits depends on how you integrate it with workouts, nutrition, and a thoughtful dosing plan.

Combining Creatine with Strength Training

Pairing creatine with strength training increases muscle strength, lean body mass, and exercise capacity. Creatine works best when you follow a consistent resistance program, such as weightlifting, bodyweight exercises, or plyometric training. Focus on major muscle groups and progressive overload—gradually increasing the resistance or intensity over time.

Many studies show that creatine improves muscle recovery and reduces muscle damage after intense sessions. Try to plan regular recovery days and varied workouts to support consistent progress. Resistance training combined with creatine can help preserve or increase lean body mass, which is especially important during menopause when muscle loss is common. This strategy may also promote improvements in sports performance and overall well-being.

Supporting Nutrition and Healthy Lifestyle

Adequate nutrition is essential when using creatine. You should prioritize protein-rich foods such as lean meats, eggs, legumes, and dairy for optimal muscle support. Creatine is especially helpful for vegetarians since their dietary intake is typically lower, as highlighted by research on creatine supplementation in women's health.

Pair creatine with a healthy lifestyle: proper hydration, balanced meals, and regular exercise. Pay attention to sleep quality, since sleep deprivation can slow muscle recovery and adaptation. Focus on heart health with sources of healthy fats and fiber. This comprehensive approach can help manage fat mass and support a faster metabolism, minimizing the risk of unwanted weight gain during menopause.

Best Practices for Dosing and Loading

A typical creatine dosage is 3–5 grams per day. You may start with a loading phase—taking 20 grams broken into four doses daily for five to seven days—to saturate your muscles faster. After this, continue with a maintenance dose of 3–5 grams daily.

Skipping the loading phase and taking the smaller daily dose is also effective, but results may take a few extra weeks to appear. Stay consistent with dosing to maintain benefits, and remember to drink plenty of water to reduce the risk of digestive discomfort. Review your supplementation plan with a healthcare or functional medicine professional if you have any chronic health conditions or specific concerns about heart health or metabolism. This protects your safety while allowing you to optimize the positive effects of creatine during menopause, as explained in the Menopause Dietitian's overview of creatine benefits.

Frequently Asked Questions

Creatine is widely studied for its effects on muscle health, brain function, and energy metabolism during menopause. Understanding its impacts, side effects, and forms is important for making informed decisions.

What are the potential side effects of using creatine for postmenopausal women?

Most research shows creatine is generally safe for healthy adults, including postmenopausal women when used at recommended doses (3–5 grams per day). Mild side effects like water retention or stomach upset may occur in some people. Serious side effects are rare, but it's advised to consult your healthcare provider before starting supplementation.

Can creatine supplementation help alleviate menopausal brain fog?

Emerging evidence suggests creatine may support cognitive function and help with problems like mental fatigue or decreased clarity. Some studies have shown improved performance on demanding cognitive tasks and potential for better mood regulation in women during menopause. These effects are linked to creatine’s ability to support brain energy metabolism and neurotransmitter function. 

What are the benefits and drawbacks of creatine use for women during menopause?

Creatine can help maintain or improve muscle strength, reduce age-related muscle loss, and may also benefit bone mineral density, especially when paired with strength training. Mood improvements and enhanced brain health are additional possible benefits.

Drawbacks are typically minimal but can include mild gastrointestinal discomfort or water retention. Creatine is not known to cause significant harm when used within recommended dosages. 

How does creatine affect hormones in women going through menopause?

Current evidence indicates creatine does not significantly alter hormone levels in women, including estrogen or progesterone. Instead, it may help counteract some hormone-related impacts such as muscle and bone loss, which are common during and after menopause. The interaction between creatine and female hormones continues to be studied. More on hormonal effects can be reviewed at PMC's Lifespan Perspective.

Is creatine monohydrate the recommended form of creatine for women over 50?

Creatine monohydrate is the most extensively researched and recommended form for adults, including women over 50. It is cost-effective, safe, and consistently shown to support muscle and cognitive health. Alternative forms of creatine have not demonstrated clear advantages over monohydrate for menopausal women. Execution guidelines and dosing for women are discussed at JoinMidi.

Are there specific types of creatine more suitable for women experiencing perimenopause?

No specific types of creatine have been proven more effective for women in perimenopausal or menopausal stages than creatine monohydrate. Since it is the best-studied and most reliable form, it remains the primary choice recommended by researchers and clinicians for women navigating menopause or perimenopause.

Shilajit, a mineral-rich substance formed in the Himalayan mountains over centuries, offers unique health benefits specifically tailored to women's wellness needs. This ancient remedy can help address common female health concerns including low energy, hormonal imbalances, anemia, and reproductive health issues through its high concentration of fulvic acid and essential minerals.

You may have heard claims about shilajit's benefits, but understanding how it specifically works in your body as a woman requires looking at the science behind its mechanisms. The compound's ability to enhance nutrient absorption and support cellular energy production makes it particularly relevant for addressing the fatigue and nutritional deficiencies that many women experience.

From boosting energy levels and mental clarity to supporting hormonal balance during different life stages, shilajit presents several evidence-based applications for female health. You'll discover how this supplement works within your body's systems, what benefits you can realistically expect, and how to use it safely as part of your wellness routine.

How Shilajit Works in Female Health

Shilajit functions through its unique molecular composition and traditional preparation methods that enhance nutrient absorption and cellular function. The fulvic acid and essential minerals work together to support various biological processes specific to women's health needs.

What Is Shilajit?

Shilajit is a tar-like resin that forms over centuries from decomposed plant matter in high-altitude mountain ranges. The substance emerges from rock crevices in the Himalayas during warmer months when the heat causes it to soften and seep out.

This natural substance has been used in Ayurveda for over 3,000 years and contains over 80 different minerals in ionic form. The formation process involves microbial action and geological pressure that transforms organic matter into a concentrated mineral-rich compound.

Shilajit resin appears as a dark brown or black sticky substance with a distinctive smell. The authentic material dissolves completely in warm water, creating a golden-brown solution that indicates proper quality and purity.

Key Compounds: Fulvic Acid and Trace Minerals

Fulvic acid serves as the primary active compound in shilajit, typically comprising 15-20% of the total composition. This organic acid acts as a natural chelator that binds to minerals and nutrients, making them more bioavailable to your cells.

The fulvic acid component enhances cellular permeability, allowing nutrients to cross cell membranes more effectively. This process improves mitochondrial function and energy production at the cellular level, which directly impacts your daily energy levels.

Trace minerals in shilajit include:

• Iron for hemoglobin production
• Zinc for hormone regulation
• Magnesium for bone health
• Copper for collagen synthesis
• Selenium for antioxidant protection

These minerals exist in ionic form, meaning they're already broken down for optimal absorption. Your body can utilize these nutrients immediately without requiring additional digestive processes.

Shilajit in Ayurvedic Medicine

Ayurvedic medicine classifies shilajit as a rasayana, meaning it supports longevity and vitality. Traditional practitioners use it to balance the three doshas (vata, pitta, kapha) and strengthen ojas, the essence of immunity and vitality.

In Ayurvedic texts, shilajit is called "destroyer of weakness" and "conqueror of mountains." These names reflect its traditional use for enhancing physical strength and mental clarity in women facing various life stages.

The preparation methods in Ayurvedic medicine involve purification processes that remove heavy metals and impurities. This processing ensures safety while maintaining the beneficial properties of the raw material.

Traditional dosing follows specific guidelines based on individual constitution and health needs. Ayurvedic practitioners typically recommend consuming processed shilajit with warm milk or water for optimal absorption and digestive compatibility.

Energy, Mental Clarity, and Fatigue Relief

Shilajit provides natural support for energy production through enhanced cellular function and improved nutrient absorption. The supplement helps reduce mental fatigue while supporting clearer thinking and sustained focus throughout the day.

Combating Low Energy and Fatigue

Shilajit addresses low energy by optimizing your body's natural energy production processes. The fulvic acid content helps transport nutrients more effectively to your cells.

Key mechanisms for energy support:

• Enhanced nutrient absorption at the cellular level
• Improved oxygen utilization in tissues
• Better conversion of food into usable energy
• Reduced cellular waste accumulation

Your energy levels can improve within days to weeks of consistent use. Many women report feeling less afternoon fatigue and more sustained energy without the crashes associated with caffeine.

The mineral content in shilajit, including iron and B vitamins, supports healthy red blood cell function. This helps combat fatigue related to nutrient deficiencies common in women.

Enhancing Mitochondrial Function

Mitochondrial function receives significant support from shilajit's unique compounds. These cellular powerhouses produce ATP, your body's primary energy currency.

Shilajit helps protect mitochondria from oxidative stress damage. The antioxidants neutralize harmful free radicals that can impair cellular energy production.

Mitochondrial benefits include:

• Increased ATP synthesis efficiency
• Better cellular repair mechanisms
• Enhanced energy output capacity
• Improved cellular longevity

Research shows that shilajit can boost ATP production, which directly translates to more available energy for daily activities. Your cells function more efficiently when mitochondria receive proper nutritional support.

The dibenzo-alpha-pyrones in shilajit specifically target mitochondrial health. These compounds help maintain optimal energy production even during periods of increased physical or mental demands.

Reducing Brain Fog and Improving Focus

Brain fog often results from poor cellular energy production and oxidative stress in neural tissues. Shilajit addresses both underlying causes effectively.

Your mental clarity improves as brain cells receive better energy support. The enhanced mitochondrial function translates directly to sharper cognitive performance.

Cognitive improvements you may experience:

• Clearer thinking and decision-making
• Better memory recall and formation
• Increased mental stamina
• Reduced afternoon mental fatigue

The fulvic acid helps deliver nutrients across the blood-brain barrier more efficiently. This ensures your brain receives the minerals and compounds needed for optimal function.

Mental clarity benefits often become noticeable within the first few weeks of use. Your ability to concentrate during demanding tasks typically shows marked improvement.

Shilajit also supports neurotransmitter balance, which affects mood and cognitive function. This dual action on energy and brain chemistry creates comprehensive mental performance support.

Hormone and Libido Support for Women

Shilajit contains bioactive compounds that interact with the female endocrine system to promote hormonal equilibrium and enhance sexual wellness. The mineral-rich resin supports natural hormone production while addressing common issues like low libido and reproductive health challenges.

Balancing Female Hormones

Shilajit provides essential minerals and fulvic acid that support your body's natural hormone production. These compounds help regulate estrogen and progesterone levels throughout your menstrual cycle.

The trace minerals in shilajit, including zinc and magnesium, serve as cofactors for hormone synthesis. Your endocrine glands require these nutrients to produce hormones effectively.

Key hormonal benefits include:

• Reduced PMS symptoms
• More regular menstrual cycles
• Decreased mood swings
• Better sleep quality during hormonal fluctuations

Research suggests that shilajit's ability to balance hormones may help women experiencing perimenopause and menopause. The adaptogenic properties help your body respond better to hormonal stress.

Supporting the Endocrine System

Your endocrine system consists of glands that produce and regulate hormones throughout your body. Shilajit supports multiple glands including the ovaries, adrenals, and thyroid.

The fulvic acid in shilajit enhances cellular nutrient absorption. This improved uptake helps your endocrine glands function more efficiently.

Shilajit contains over 80 minerals that your endocrine system needs for optimal function. Hormone balance and thyroid support are particularly notable benefits for women.

The adaptogenic compounds help regulate cortisol levels. Chronic stress disrupts your entire hormonal cascade, so managing cortisol is essential for overall endocrine health.

Enhancing Libido and Sexual Wellness

Shilajit supports female libido through multiple mechanisms including improved blood flow, energy levels, and hormonal balance. These factors work together to enhance sexual wellness naturally.

The increased circulation from shilajit helps improve sensitivity and arousal. Better blood flow to reproductive organs supports natural lubrication and sexual response.

Libido support for women occurs through shilajit's ability to boost energy and reduce fatigue. Low energy often correlates with decreased sexual desire.

Sexual wellness benefits:

• Enhanced arousal and sensitivity
• Improved natural lubrication
• Increased sexual desire
• Better overall reproductive health

The mineral content supports healthy egg quality and ovarian function. Fertility and reproductive health improvements often coincide with enhanced sexual wellness.

Balanced hormones from regular shilajit use can restore natural libido patterns. Many women notice improvements in sexual interest within 4-6 weeks of consistent supplementation.

Additional Shilajit Benefits for Ladies

Shilajit offers targeted benefits for women's skin health through its potent antioxidant compounds, while supporting reproductive wellness and protecting cells from harmful free radical damage. These specialized advantages complement its foundational health benefits for overall female vitality.

Skin Health and Anti-Aging Effects

Shilajit delivers powerful anti-aging benefits through its high fulvic acid content, which helps combat cellular damage from environmental stressors. The mineral-rich compound reduces signs of aging by counteracting free radicals that contribute to wrinkles and skin deterioration.

Your skin receives essential nutrients that promote collagen production and cellular regeneration. Fulvic acid enhances nutrient absorption at the cellular level, allowing your skin to utilize vitamins and minerals more effectively.

Regular use of quality shilajit resin may help improve skin texture and reduce dark spots. The antioxidant properties work from within to maintain skin elasticity and firmness as you age.

Key skin benefits include:

• Reduced appearance of fine lines
• Improved skin tone evenness
• Enhanced cellular repair mechanisms
• Protection against environmental damage

The compound's natural composition supports your body's ability to maintain youthful-looking skin through consistent supplementation.

Supporting Female Fertility

Shilajit provides comprehensive support for women's reproductive health by regulating menstrual cycles and improving hormonal balance. The supplement improves fertility in women by enhancing oxygen and nutrient flow to reproductive organs.

Your reproductive system benefits from shilajit's ability to support uterine health through natural detoxification processes. The fulvic acid content helps transport essential minerals to reproductive tissues more efficiently.

Hormonal imbalances that affect fertility may improve with regular supplementation. Shilajit contains trace minerals that support endocrine function and menstrual regularity.

Reproductive health benefits:

• Improved menstrual cycle regulation
• Enhanced nutrient delivery to reproductive organs
• Better hormonal balance
• Increased overall reproductive wellness

Weight management support from shilajit may also contribute to improved fertility outcomes for women with weight-related reproductive concerns.

Protection Against Oxidative Stress

Your cells face constant attack from free radicals that cause oxidative stress and accelerate aging processes. Shilajit resin contains powerful antioxidants that neutralize these harmful compounds before they damage cellular structures.

The fulvic acid in shilajit acts as a potent antioxidant, protecting your cells from environmental toxins and metabolic byproducts. This protection extends to vital organs including your heart, brain, and reproductive system.

Daily oxidative stress from pollution, UV radiation, and normal metabolism accumulates over time. Shilajit strengthens immunity by providing your body with tools to combat cellular damage effectively.

Antioxidant protection includes:

• Neutralization of harmful free radicals
• Cellular membrane protection
• DNA damage prevention
• Enhanced immune system function

Your body's natural defense mechanisms become more effective with consistent antioxidant support from high-quality shilajit supplementation.

Frequently Asked Questions

Women often have specific questions about proper dosage, timing, and potential effects when considering Shilajit supplementation. These common concerns address safety guidelines, skin benefits, and optimal usage methods for female wellness.

How can Shilajit contribute to skin health in women?

Shilajit contains fulvic acid and minerals that may support collagen production and cellular repair. These compounds can help reduce oxidative stress that contributes to premature aging.

The antioxidant properties in Shilajit help enhance skin health by protecting against free radical damage. Regular use may improve skin texture and reduce the appearance of fine lines.

The mineral content supports healthy blood circulation to skin tissues. This enhanced circulation can contribute to a more radiant complexion over time.

What are the recommended ways for women to use Shilajit for its benefits?

Most practitioners recommend dissolving a rice-grain sized amount in warm water or milk. This method allows for better absorption and easier digestion.

You can take Shilajit on an empty stomach in the morning for maximum absorption. Some women prefer taking it with meals if they experience any digestive sensitivity.

The resin form is generally considered more potent than powder or capsule forms. Always ensure you purchase from reputable sources that provide pure, tested products.

Are there any specific side effects of Shilajit unique to women?

Women may experience changes in menstrual cycles when first starting Shilajit supplementation. These changes typically normalize as the body adjusts to the supplement.

Pregnant and breastfeeding women should avoid Shilajit due to insufficient safety data. The concentrated nature of the supplement makes caution necessary during these periods.

Some women report increased energy levels that may affect sleep patterns initially. Starting with smaller doses can help minimize this adjustment period.

What is the best time for women to take Shilajit for optimal health benefits?

Morning consumption on an empty stomach typically provides the best absorption rates. Taking it 30 minutes before breakfast allows your body to process the nutrients effectively.

You can also take Shilajit in the early afternoon if morning consumption causes digestive discomfort. Avoid taking it close to bedtime as it may interfere with sleep quality.

Consistency in timing helps maintain steady levels of beneficial compounds in your system. Choose a time that fits your daily routine and stick to it.

How much Shilajit is considered safe for daily consumption by women?

The typical recommended dose ranges from 300 to 500 milligrams daily for women. This amount provides therapeutic benefits without overwhelming your system.

Start with a smaller dose of 100-200 milligrams to assess your body's response. Gradually increase to the full recommended amount over several weeks.

Women can safely use Shilajit when taken in correct dosages and under proper guidance. Consulting with a healthcare provider helps determine the right amount for your specific needs.

What potential health benefits does Shilajit offer to women's well-being?

Shilajit supports hormonal balance, fertility, and energy levels in women through its rich mineral content. The fulvic acid component helps improve nutrient absorption and cellular function.

Benefits include reproductive health support, bone health, and enhanced immune function that address women's specific wellness needs. These effects stem from the bioactive compounds naturally present in quality Shilajit.

The supplement may help with iron deficiency and anemia, conditions more common in women. Its mineral profile supports healthy blood formation and oxygen transport throughout the body.

If you’re looking to optimize your bone, heart, and immune health, understanding the role of vitamin D3 and K2 is essential. Vitamin D3 helps your body absorb calcium effectively, while K2 ensures that calcium is directed to your bones and teeth—instead of accumulating in arteries or soft tissue. This partnership is the key reason why taking both nutrients together provides targeted support for several vital systems.

You might be familiar with vitamin D3 for its role in supporting strong bones and a healthy immune response, but combining it with vitamin K2 amplifies these effects. Experts and clinical evidence suggest that this duo promotes bone and cardiovascular health more effectively than either vitamin alone.

Many people are now choosing D3 and K2 combinations for daily supplementation as they provide a straightforward way to cover important aspects of health. If you’re curious how this pairing works, or wondering if it could benefit your routine, you’ll find practical guidance and clear answers ahead.

The Roles of Vitamin D3 and K2 in Human Health

Vitamin D3 and K2 are crucial fat-soluble vitamins that affect multiple body systems. They work together to support bone, cardiovascular, and immune health through complementary mechanisms.

Fat-Soluble Vitamins and Their Importance

Fat-soluble vitamins, such as vitamin D3 and vitamin K2, are stored in your body's fatty tissues and liver. These nutrients dissolve in fat rather than water, allowing for longer retention and slow release. This distinguishes them from water-soluble options, which your body excretes quickly.

You need fat-soluble vitamins for essential processes, including calcium absorption, bone mineralization, and blood clotting. Because your body stores them for extended periods, excessive intake can cause toxicity, but deficiencies are also possible with inadequate diet or sun exposure. Maintaining adequate levels supports long-term bone strength and overall well-being.

Overview of Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol)

Vitamin D3, or cholecalciferol, is produced in your skin after exposure to sunlight. It can also be obtained from certain foods and supplements. Its primary role is to support calcium absorption in your intestines, making it vital for bone growth and maintenance.

Without enough vitamin D3, your body struggles to maintain proper blood calcium levels, which can weaken bones and heighten fracture risk. D3 is also involved in immune regulation and has been linked to supporting mood and muscle function. Optimizing your vitamin D status may contribute to reduced risks of osteoporosis and certain immune-related illnesses, as described in some clinical research.

What Is Vitamin K2 and Its Forms

Vitamin K2, unlike the more common K1 found in leafy greens, is present mainly in fermented foods and animal products. The most effective subtype for human health is menaquinone-7 (MK-7), also known as MenaQ7. MK-7 stands out due to its longer half-life in your body and superior bioavailability.

Your body uses vitamin K2 to activate proteins that help direct calcium to your bones and teeth while preventing its buildup in the arteries. This process is important for maintaining both bone density and cardiovascular health. Research suggests vitamin K2 and D3 together offer enhanced benefits by supporting both calcium metabolism and arterial health, which can help reduce the risk of osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease.

Health Benefits and Biological Functions

Vitamin D3 and K2 play critical roles in your health, especially when it comes to maintaining strong bones, regulating calcium in your body, and supporting the function of proteins involved in bone formation and cardiovascular health. Their combined actions impact everything from bone strength to proper calcium utilization and the health of your arteries.

Synergy for Bone Health and Bone Formation

Vitamin D3 and K2 work together to help keep your bones strong and resilient. D3 facilitates the absorption of calcium from your digestive tract, bringing vital minerals into your bloodstream. However, K2 directs this calcium into the bone matrix rather than soft tissues.

Research in both animal and human studies confirms that optimal levels of both vitamins help maintain bone density and reduce the risk of fractures. The synergy between these nutrients activates proteins like osteocalcin, which is critical for bone mineralization and repair. Vitamins D and K work together for bone and cardiovascular health.

Regular intake of both vitamins may be especially important as you age or if you have an increased risk of osteoporosis. Their combination supports proper bone formation, reduces bone loss, and promotes skeletal strength over time.

Calcium Absorption and Calcium Balance

Vitamin D3 is necessary for your body to absorb calcium from food in the intestines. Without adequate D3, much of the calcium you consume simply passes through your system without being used effectively.

K2’s main role is to ensure that the absorbed calcium ends up in your bones instead of accumulating in soft tissues or blood vessels. This balance helps prevent issues like kidney stones and arterial calcification while improving bone mineralization.

By promoting efficient absorption with D3 and directing calcium deposition with K2, you support both bone structure and the safe handling of calcium in your body. This dual action maintains what is known as calcium homeostasis or balance, benefiting your health over time.

Impacts on Cardiovascular and Vascular Health

K2 has a significant influence on vascular health by activating proteins that inhibit calcium buildup in arteries. This can help reduce the risk of arterial stiffness and protect the flexibility of your blood vessels, promoting healthy blood flow.

When you take D3 and K2 together, you help lower the chance of excess calcium settling in your arteries, which is associated with a lower risk of heart disease. D3 on its own increases calcium absorption, but without K2, that calcium may contribute to unwanted deposits outside of bone. Ensuring you get both nutrients supports healthy arteries and a strong heart.

Osteocalcin Activation

Osteocalcin is a protein produced by bone-forming cells (osteoblasts) that plays a central role in binding calcium and supporting bone formation. Vitamin D3 stimulates the production of osteocalcin, but the protein must be activated by K2 to function properly.

Once activated, osteocalcin helps your bones efficiently incorporate and retain calcium, leading to greater bone density and strength. A lack of enough K2 results in low osteocalcin activity, which can negatively affect bone quality even if your calcium and D3 intake are sufficient.

This collaboration between D3 and K2 ensures osteocalcin is present and active, directly supporting bone quality. The link between these vitamins and osteocalcin activation is detailed in the effect of supplementation with D3 and K2 on bone health.

Supplementation, Sources, and Special Considerations

Vitamin D3 and K2 support bone health, cardiovascular function, and proper calcium metabolism. To meet your needs, consider where these vitamins come from, how you can supplement them, and possible safety issues.

Dietary Sources and Vegetarian Options

Vitamin D3 is primarily found in fatty fish, egg yolks, and fortified dairy products. For vegetarians, options are limited since most natural D3 sources are animal-based. However, some supplements use D3 sourced from lichen, making them suitable for vegetarians.

Vitamin K2 occurs in animal products and fermented foods. The most bioavailable vegetarian source is natto, a fermented soybean dish especially rich in the menaquinone-7 (MK-7) form of K2. Other sources include certain cheeses and sauerkraut, but in much lower amounts.

For a balanced intake, you can combine plant-based D3 and nattō or MK-7 supplements. Always check labels for vegetarian or vegan certification, especially with menaquinone-7 and menaq7 products, as some formulations may use animal-derived ingredients.

Dietary Supplement Forms and Dosages

Vitamin D3 supplements are widely available in capsule, tablet, and liquid forms. Adult dosages commonly range from 800 IU to 3000 IU per day, though some individuals may require higher amounts based on blood levels and medical advice.

Vitamin K2 supplements are typically sold as menaquinone-7 (MK-7) due to its longer half-life and greater bioavailability. MK-7 is usually taken at doses of 90–200 micrograms per day. Products with the trademarked MenaQ7 ingredient provide a standardized MK-7 form, which can help ensure consistent dosing.

When choosing a supplement, look for third-party testing and clear labeling. Combining D3 and K2 in a single product is increasingly popular, as they work together to support bone and cardiovascular health.

Safety, Quality, and Potential Interactions

Both vitamins are generally safe in recommended amounts. Excessive vitamin D3 can cause toxicity, such as high blood calcium, leading to symptoms like nausea and kidney issues. K2 has a low risk of toxicity, but caution is advised in those taking blood thinners.

When buying dietary supplements, consider products tested for purity and potency by independent organizations. Choose trusted brands, especially for menaquinone-7 and MenaQ7 products, to avoid contamination and labeling issues. Consult your doctor if you take any medications or have chronic health conditions, as D3 and K2 can interact with certain drugs.

Check official labeling for allergen information and vegetarian status. Reviewing detailed product information and your medical profile helps you use these supplements safely. Review further supplementation safety advice from the Judicial Data Project.

Frequently Asked Questions

Combining Vitamin D3 and K2 can support bone and cardiovascular health, but proper usage and selection matter. Understanding the benefits, side effects, dosing, and timing will help you make informed supplementation choices.

What are the health benefits of taking Vitamin D3 and K2 together?

Taking Vitamin D3 and K2 together supports calcium absorption and directs calcium to your bones rather than soft tissues. This combination helps you maintain stronger bones while reducing the risk of unwanted calcium buildup in your arteries. Clinical practices suggest these vitamins may complement each other better than most other pairs.

How can I identify the best supplements containing both Vitamin D3 and K2?

The best supplements clearly list the forms of D3 (cholecalciferol) and K2 (often as MK-7) on the label. Choose products from reputable companies with third-party testing. Look for dosage transparency and avoid fillers or artificial additives.

Are there any side effects associated with the combined intake of Vitamin D3 and K2?

You may experience side effects if you take excessive doses, such as high calcium levels, kidney stones, or muscle pain. More is not always better—extra caution is needed if you have kidney issues or disorders affecting calcium metabolism.

What is the recommended daily dosage for Vitamin D3 and K2?

Adults under 50 are generally advised to get between 400 and 800 IU of Vitamin D daily, although individual needs may vary. There is no universally agreed recommended daily amount for K2, but supplements often provide around 50 mcg per dose.

Can the intake of Vitamin D3 and K2 supplements aid in weight loss?

There is no strong evidence that Vitamin D3 and K2 supplements directly result in weight loss. These vitamins primarily support bone, immune, and cardiovascular health. Any changes in weight are likely due to broader dietary or lifestyle factors rather than supplementation alone.

What is the optimal time of day to take Vitamin D3 and K2 supplements for maximum effectiveness?

You can take Vitamin D3 and K2 with a meal that contains fat, which increases absorption. Morning or midday is often suggested, but consistency in timing each day is most important for maintaining steady levels.

Ashwagandha, an ancient herb used in traditional Ayurvedic medicine, has gained significant attention in recent years for its potential to support male hormonal health. Many men are turning to this adaptogenic herb as a natural way to address concerns about declining testosterone levels and overall vitality.

Research indicates that ashwagandha supplementation can increase testosterone levels in men, with studies showing improvements ranging from 11% to 18% compared to placebo groups. These findings have sparked interest among health-conscious individuals seeking natural alternatives to support their hormonal balance and overall well-being.

Understanding how ashwagandha works, what the scientific evidence reveals, and how to use it safely can help you make informed decisions about incorporating this herb into your health routine. The research behind ashwagandha's testosterone-boosting effects, along with practical considerations for supplementation, provides valuable insights for men looking to optimize their hormonal health naturally.

Understanding Ashwagandha and Testosterone

Ashwagandha functions as an adaptogenic herb that may influence testosterone production through stress reduction and hormonal regulation. Research indicates this ancient Ayurvedic remedy works by supporting the body's natural hormone balance rather than artificially boosting levels.

What Is Ashwagandha?

Ashwagandha, scientifically known as Withania somnifera, is a small shrub native to India, the Middle East, and parts of Africa. The plant belongs to the nightshade family and produces small red berries, though the root is the primary part used medicinally.

You'll often see ashwagandha referred to as "Indian winter cherry" or "poison gooseberry." The name "ashwagandha" literally translates to "smell of horse" in Sanskrit, referring to the root's distinct odor and the traditional belief that consuming it provides horse-like strength.

The active compounds in ashwagandha include withanolides, which are naturally occurring steroids responsible for many of the herb's therapeutic effects. These compounds are primarily concentrated in the root and leaves of the plant.

Modern ashwagandha supplements typically contain standardized extracts with specific concentrations of withanolides, usually ranging from 1.5% to 12%.

Overview of Testosterone in the Body

Testosterone serves as the primary male sex hormone, though women also produce it in smaller amounts. Your body produces testosterone mainly in the testes for men and ovaries for women, with additional production occurring in the adrenal glands.

This hormone plays crucial roles in multiple bodily functions:

• Muscle mass and strength development
• Bone density maintenance
• Red blood cell production
• Sex drive and sexual function
• Mood regulation and cognitive function

Testosterone levels naturally decline with age, typically decreasing by 1-2% annually after age 30. Various factors can accelerate this decline, including chronic stress, poor sleep, obesity, and certain medical conditions.

Your body's testosterone production follows a complex feedback loop involving the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and gonads. Stress hormones like cortisol can interfere with this process, potentially reducing testosterone synthesis.

Ashwagandha as an Adaptogen

Adaptogens are natural substances that help your body manage stress and maintain homeostasis. Ashwagandha qualifies as a primary adaptogen due to its ability to regulate multiple physiological processes simultaneously.

The herb's adaptogenic properties work through several mechanisms:

Ashwagandha's adaptogenic effects help your body maintain hormonal balance by addressing stress-related disruptions to testosterone production. When cortisol levels remain chronically elevated, they can suppress the hormonal pathways responsible for testosterone synthesis.

By helping normalize your stress response, ashwagandha creates conditions more favorable for optimal testosterone production. This indirect approach differs from direct hormonal manipulation, making it a gentler option for supporting natural hormone levels.

Traditional Uses in Ayurvedic Medicine

Ayurvedic medicine has utilized ashwagandha for over 3,000 years as a rasayana, meaning a tonic or rejuvenative herb. Traditional practitioners classified it as a substance that promotes longevity, vitality, and overall well-being.

In classical Ayurvedic texts, ashwagandha was prescribed for various conditions:

• Physical weakness and fatigue
• Reproductive health concerns
• Sleep disturbances and nervous tension
• Age-related decline in vitality
• Recovery from illness or injury

Traditional preparation methods involved grinding the dried root into powder and mixing it with warm milk, ghee, or honey. Ayurvedic practitioners often combined ashwagandha with other herbs to create customized formulations based on individual constitutional needs.

The herb was particularly valued for men experiencing declining vigor and strength. Ancient texts describe ashwagandha as enhancing masculine energy and reproductive capacity, observations that align with modern research on its potential testosterone-supporting effects.

Modern standardized extracts concentrate the active compounds more effectively than traditional preparations, though the fundamental therapeutic principles remain consistent with historical usage patterns.

Scientific Evidence Linking Ashwagandha and Testosterone

Multiple clinical studies have demonstrated ashwagandha's ability to significantly increase testosterone levels in men, particularly those experiencing stress or mild deficiency. Research shows improvements in hormonal markers through stress reduction and direct physiological mechanisms.

Research on Ashwagandha's Effect on Testosterone Levels

Clinical trials consistently show that ashwagandha supplements can boost testosterone levels in men. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study examined overweight men aged 40-70 years over 16 weeks, demonstrating significant improvements in testosterone and related hormonal markers.

Research published by NCBI observed substantial testosterone increases alongside notable improvements in sperm quality after ashwagandha supplementation. These findings align with multiple peer-reviewed studies showing consistent hormonal improvements.

Key Study Findings:

• Testosterone increases of 10-22% in treated groups
• Improved sperm concentration and motility
• Enhanced muscle strength and endurance
• Reduced fatigue and increased vigor

Studies focusing on men with stress-related testosterone decline show the most pronounced benefits. Your response to ashwagandha may vary based on baseline testosterone levels and overall health status.

Mechanisms Supporting Testosterone Enhancement

Ashwagandha supports testosterone production through several biological pathways. The herb contains bioactive compounds called withanolides that influence hormonal signaling and cellular energy production.

Research indicates ashwagandha reduces oxidative stress, which helps preserve healthy testosterone levels. Oxidative damage can impair Leydig cells in your testes, which are responsible for testosterone synthesis.

The adaptogenic properties help your body maintain hormonal balance during physical and mental stress. Ashwagandha appears to support the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, the system that regulates testosterone production.

Primary Mechanisms:

• Antioxidant protection of testosterone-producing cells
• Improved insulin sensitivity supporting hormonal balance
• Enhanced mitochondrial function in reproductive tissues
• Stabilized cell membrane integrity in testicular cells

These mechanisms work synergistically to create an environment conducive to optimal testosterone production in your body.

Role of Stress Reduction and Cortisol

Chronic stress elevates cortisol levels, which directly suppresses testosterone production. Ashwagandha is primarily used as a stress aid due to its ability to reduce cortisol buildup, making it particularly effective for stress-related testosterone decline.

High cortisol levels signal your body to prioritize stress response over reproductive hormone production. This creates a hormonal imbalance where cortisol and testosterone compete for similar precursor molecules.

 In one 8‑week randomized, double‑blind, placebo‑controlled study of overweight men aged 40‑70, ashwagandha supplementation led to a ~14.7% increase in testosterone compared to placebo. While this study didn’t show a statistically significant cortisol reduction versus placebo, other human trials and meta‑reviews have documented morning cortisol reductions in stressed individuals over similar timeframes.

Stress-Testosterone Connection:

• Elevated cortisol directly inhibits testosterone synthesis
• Chronic stress depletes precursor hormones needed for testosterone
• Sleep disruption from stress further reduces testosterone production
• Ashwagandha's adaptogenic effects help normalize this stress response

Your testosterone levels may improve more dramatically if stress is a contributing factor to hormonal imbalance.

Comparative Analysis With Other Testosterone Boosters

While evidence for ashwagandha's testosterone effects isn't as robust as its stress-reduction benefits, recent studies show promising results compared to other natural testosterone boosters. Unlike synthetic options, ashwagandha offers additional health benefits with minimal side effects.

Ashwagandha vs. Other Natural Boosters:

Ashwagandha's advantage lies in its comprehensive approach to male health. While other supplements may show higher testosterone increases in some studies, ashwagandha addresses underlying factors like stress and sleep quality that impact hormonal balance.

Your best results may come from addressing multiple factors rather than focusing solely on testosterone levels. Ashwagandha's multi-target approach makes it particularly suitable for men experiencing age-related hormonal changes or chronic stress.

Health Benefits of Ashwagandha for Men

Ashwagandha provides targeted benefits for male reproductive health by improving sperm quality, increasing sex drive, and reducing fatigue-related sexual dysfunction. These effects stem from the herb's ability to reduce cortisol levels and support healthy testosterone production.

Impact on Fertility and Sperm Count

Ashwagandha can significantly improve male fertility by addressing multiple factors that affect reproductive health. Research shows the fcan increase sperm concentration, motility, and overall sperm count in men experiencing infertility issues.

The adaptogenic properties help reduce oxidative stress in reproductive tissues. This protection is crucial because sperm cells are particularly vulnerable to damage from free radicals.

Studies indicate that men taking ashwagandha supplements experience improved sperm quality within 12-16 weeks. The herb also supports healthy sperm morphology, which refers to the shape and structure of sperm cells.

Your body produces healthier sperm when cortisol levels remain balanced. Ashwagandha's stress-reducing effects contribute to this hormonal balance.

Men with fertility concerns often see improvements in sperm concentration ranging from 100-200% in clinical trials. The herb works by supporting the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, which controls reproductive hormone production.

Influence on Sex Drive and Libido

Your sex drive depends heavily on balanced testosterone levels and reduced stress hormones. Ashwagandha addresses both factors by naturally supporting testosterone production while lowering cortisol.

Chronic stress is one of the primary causes of decreased libido in men. High cortisol levels suppress testosterone production and reduce sexual desire.

Key libido benefits include:

• Increased sexual interest and motivation
• Enhanced arousal and sexual satisfaction
• Better mood and confidence
• Reduced performance anxiety

The herb typically takes 4-8 weeks to produce noticeable improvements in sex drive. Many men report feeling more energetic and interested in sexual activity during this timeframe.

Ashwagandha also improves overall energy levels, which directly impacts your desire for sexual activity. When you feel less fatigued, your natural libido tends to increase.

Effects on Erectile Dysfunction and Fatigue

Erectile dysfunction often stems from poor blood flow, stress, or fatigue-related issues. Ashwagandha helps address these underlying causes rather than just treating symptoms.

The herb improves nitric oxide production, which is essential for healthy blood flow to sexual organs. Better circulation supports stronger and more sustainable erections.

Fatigue reduction benefits:

• Increased physical energy throughout the day
• Better sleep quality and recovery
• Reduced mental exhaustion
• Improved physical stamina

Chronic fatigue significantly impacts sexual performance and desire. By reducing stress and improving energy levels, ashwagandha helps restore normal sexual function.

Men experiencing mild to moderate erectile dysfunction may see improvements within 6-10 weeks of consistent use. The herb works best when combined with healthy lifestyle habits like regular exercise and adequate sleep.

Your body's stress response directly affects sexual function. When cortisol levels decrease, blood flow improves and sexual performance typically enhances naturally.

Practical Considerations and Safety of Ashwagandha Supplementation

Selecting quality ashwagandha supplements requires attention to extract standardization and third-party testing. Proper dosing protocols and timing can maximize testosterone benefits while minimizing adverse effects.

Choosing Ashwagandha Supplements

Extract Standardization matters significantly when selecting supplements. Look for products standardized to contain 1.5-12% withanolides, the active compounds responsible for ashwagandha's effects.

KSM-66 and Sensoril represent two well-researched proprietary extracts. KSM-66 uses only the root and maintains the original herb's constituent profile. Sensoril combines root and leaf extracts for different potency ratios.

Third-party testing ensures purity and potency. Choose supplements like Chill Buttons Gummies that are tested for heavy metals, pesticides, and microbial contamination.

Avoid products with excessive fillers or artificial additives.

Best Practices for Dosage and Use

Standard dosing ranges around 400 mg daily for testosterone support. Clinical studies showing testosterone benefits typically used up to 600 mg of root extract daily for 8 weeks.

Timing affects absorption and results. Take ashwagandha with meals to reduce potential stomach irritation. Evening dosing may enhance sleep quality, which supports natural testosterone production.

Start with lower doses around 200 mg to assess individual tolerance. Gradually increase to therapeutic levels over 1-2 weeks if needed.

Cycling protocols help maintain effectiveness. Consider 8-12 week supplementation periods followed by 2-4 week breaks. This prevents potential adaptation and maintains hormonal responsiveness.

Take ashwagandha consistently at the same time daily. Effects typically become noticeable after 2-4 weeks of regular use.

Potential Side Effects and Interactions

Most men tolerate ashwagandha well, but certain considerations require monitoring. Common mild side effects include drowsiness, stomach upset, or headaches when starting supplementation.

Prostate health requires attention in men with existing conditions. The herb's hormone-modulating effects could potentially impact prostate function, though research remains limited.

Liver function needs monitoring during extended use. Rare cases of liver injury have been reported with high doses or poor-quality supplements.

Contraindications include autoimmune conditions, pregnancy, and breastfeeding. Men with thyroid disorders should consult healthcare providers before starting supplementation.

Role in Sports Performance and Endurance

Ashwagandha supports athletic performance through multiple mechanisms beyond testosterone enhancement. Research demonstrates benefits for endurance athletes including improved VO2 max and recovery times.

Strength gains typically occur within 4-8 weeks of supplementation. Studies show 10-17% increases in muscle strength when combined with resistance training.

Endurance improvements manifest as reduced exercise-induced fatigue and faster recovery between training sessions. The adaptogenic properties help manage exercise-related stress responses.

Dosing for athletes can be around 400 mg daily. Time supplementation around training schedules for optimal absorption and utilization.

Competition considerations require checking supplement ingredients against banned substance lists. Choose third-party tested products certified for sport use when competing professionally.

Frequently Asked Questions

Ashwagandha's impact on testosterone levels varies based on individual factors, dosage timing, and duration of use. Research shows mixed results with some studies indicating testosterone increases while others suggest minimal changes.

Can Ashwagandha supplementation elevate testosterone levels in men?

Research on ashwagandha’s effects on testosterone shows mixed but encouraging results. While not all studies show significant changes, some men experience modest improvements when supplementing consistently for 8–12 weeks.

For example, in an 8-week randomized controlled trial of overweight men, ashwagandha extract led to a ~14.7% increase in testosterone compared to placebo, along with improvements in other key hormones like DHEA-S. These findings suggest that ashwagandha helps support the body’s natural hormone regulation, rather than artificially boosting levels.

Outcomes vary widely depending on baseline hormone levels, stress, and overall health. Men with higher cortisol or stress-related low testosterone often see the most pronounced benefits, while those already in the normal range may see smaller shifts.

Is there an optimal dosage of Ashwagandha for boosting testosterone?

Most clinical studies use dosages around 400 mg of standardized root extract daily. The typical effective range appears to be 400 mg taken consistently for at least 8 weeks.

Higher dosages don't necessarily produce better results for testosterone enhancement. Your body weight and individual metabolism may influence the optimal dosage for your needs.

Standardized extracts containing 1.5-12% withanolides show the most consistent results in research studies. Starting with 400 mg daily allows you to assess tolerance before increasing the dosage.

What is the best time of day to take Ashwagandha for hormonal balance?

Taking ashwagandha in the evening may support natural testosterone production cycles. Your body produces most testosterone during sleep, particularly in the early morning hours.

Some people prefer morning doses to help manage daily stress and cortisol levels. Evening supplementation may promote better sleep quality, which supports healthy hormone production.

Consistency matters more than specific timing for long-term hormonal benefits. Taking ashwagandha with food can help reduce potential stomach irritation regardless of timing.

Have there been scientific studies supporting Ashwagandha's effect on testosterone?

Several clinical trials have examined ashwagandha's impact on testosterone levels with varying results. Studies typically involve 50-150 participants over 8-16 week periods.

A 2019 study showed 14.7% testosterone increases in overweight men taking up to 600 mg daily. Another study found 17% increases in men undergoing resistance training programs.

Research remains limited with most studies focusing on specific populations like stressed men or athletes. More comprehensive studies are needed to establish definitive testosterone-boosting effects across broader populations.

Are there any side effects of using Ashwagandha for testosterone enhancement?

Most people tolerate ashwagandha well at standard dosages of 400 mg daily. Common mild side effects include drowsiness, stomach upset, or headaches during the first week of use.

You should avoid ashwagandha if you take medications for thyroid disorders, blood pressure, or diabetes. The herb may interact with these medications and affect their effectiveness.

Pregnant or breastfeeding women should not use ashwagandha supplements. Men with hormone-sensitive conditions should consult healthcare providers before starting supplementation.

Can Ashwagandha improve testosterone and muscle strength in bodybuilders?

Studies on ashwagandha for testosterone and muscle building show modest benefits for strength athletes. Bodybuilders may experience improved recovery times and reduced exercise-induced stress.

Research indicates 1.5-3.3% increases in muscle mass over 8 weeks when combined with resistance training. Strength gains of 15-17% have been observed in some studies involving trained athletes.

Ashwagandha can be taken alongside testosterone therapy without interference. The adaptogenic properties may help optimize your body's response to training stress and support overall hormonal balance.